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links and info
Posted by: "allmyforce" allmyforce@hotmail.com pore222
Mon Nov 5, 2007 8:45 am (PST)
http://cyberdyno1. tripod.com/ link courtesy of the Dayton Prof
Wilhelm Reich: creator and militant of Sexpol
Gesendet von: "carlosliendro" Die 30. Okt 2007 13:08
Wilhelm Reich: creator and militant of Sexpol
Carlos Liendro
When he tries himself to know if the ideas of certain thinkers follow present put under them a critical examination. Often it is necessary to demystify the ideas that have been left and thus to be able to update them or to understand as they continue in use although the state of the world seems to have changed.
Wilhelm Reich is known like the father of the corporal psycotherapies, like one of first Marxist freudo-, but very little it has spread on one of his experiences more impressive than they existed in Austria, Germany and Scandinavia during the inter-war period in Europe. For some authors the foundation of Sexpol - German Association for a proletarian sexual policy was in 1931, being Reich in Berlin, and was the development of a platform of policies in health, education, house and conditions of life for people. But this conception of work and commitment began in Austria in the Policlínicos Psicoanáliticos that took care of people free, where Wilhelm Reich becomes the vice-director, first of the clinical Seminaries. It is necessary to locate in which situation was left after the First World war the populations after the defeat. To Reich it is called on to see nonsingle material, moral, spiritual reconstrucció to him n of those towns but the birth of new ideologies that took forms in the masses.
In the book "Reich speech of Freud" (1) that entrevistan it they ask to him how it initiated these works with the population (that called mental hygiene). It began clarifying that did not initiate them, that what began making went to put under examination the problem of the prevention of the neuroses in mass. The neurosis was a social problem. In Vienna, this young psychoanalyst who belonged to the direct group of Freud, raised his first theses: "if the neurosis of the character is the base of the symptom, which is its extension? I statistically analyzed the problem in the Psychoanalytic Policlínico, different associations. The data revealed that around 90% of the women and 70% to 80% of the men they were simply ill. This I take to the conviction that a neurosis of masses existed.". There it clarifies that the dedication to the health movement that began to be developed was not to cure a few people; it is called on to him to be present at one violent repression to workers: "I began after the 15 of 1927 July, when it was killed to one hundred people in the street and were hurt thousands." (...)"the first step consisted of founding an organization outside the psychoanalytic association. The Sozialistische formed gesellschaft to fuer Sexualberatung und Sexualforschung - socialist Association for the sexual consultation and the investigation -. Once to the month we made a public meeting, in which one was subjects like the education of the children, or the problem of the masturbation, or the one of the adolescence, the marriage. Then people made questions. People opened themselves completely. What I did then has great utility now: to cross the barrier that separates the people of its private life ". On Vienna it had founded you vary clinics with psychoanalysts, doctors, lawyers, working in suburban districts. Due to serious mix-ups with the psychoanalysts of Vienna (2) Reich Berlin in 1930 goes away. There the atmosphere is more propitious for the development of its theories and his praxis. Between his theories it had begun to raise the subject of the genitalidad of the neuroses, and had appeared his first book ' the function of orgasmó. To raise the total politicalization of the sexual question had a solid argument. The studied salary to Marx and Freud, took to understand it the processes that occur in the oppression and the dominion. Through the caracteriales structures it understood like was put under the individual from the childhood to obey the social order established and the political power, and as these paralyze the capacities critics, desire and the rebellion.
It analyzed the rising ideology with the fascismo name (something that already was in Italy de Mussolini, in Austria with the catholic, preservative, reactionary movements) and that in Germany still were the ridicule on fanatics that had few deputies in the congress. They were the Nazi ones. "What constituted the center of influence of the fascismo on the masses was: the marriage, the family, the race, the morality, the honor ". With the bankruptcy of the banks in Germany in 1931, they were the average sectors that felt more insane. All that saw Wilhelm Reich, before Hitler raised the power in 1933 with the consent of people. It was not a coup d'etat. The masses educated in obedience and the fear to the neglect needed a rescuer, a father, fuhrer. Trasfondo cannot be explained that period without that. By a side the fight of the militancy in sexpol, in a program of policies of health, social security, education and by the other as it were become the German population. In ' History of Sexpol'(3) it appears a title dedicated to the reinvidicaciones, we enunciated some of them: 1) gratuitous distribution of average contraceptives to the needed social layers through ambulatory and the sexual information centers. 2) absolute Suppression of the law against the gratuitous abortions. Conditions of work of the women after the childbirth. Creation of information centers for pregnant women and mothers. 3) Abolition of all the obstacles to contract or to dissolve the marriage. 4) Lucha against the sexual diseases by means of a massive campaign of sexual spreading, massive prophylaxes. 5) Prevention of the neuroses and the sexual disturbances with the corresponding sexual education. It concluded: "One of our principles is to convince to the masses that the smaller aid on the part of the parliament cannot be expected, of which also in this land they must take charge of the problem with his own hands, and, really, of which they must turn the conscience of his malaise, in a combative and revolutionary will in order to obtain through the political fight."
Sexpol in Germany extended the young people, to the organizations of sexual reform, organizations of culture, of the childhood and to the groups of women. It got to constitute itself with 350 thousand people before 1933 as it exposes it in his book "People in trouble" (4) counting all this experience. These programs were within the apparatus of the communist party. When Reich like psychoanalyst and social scientist (incorporating theories of Malinowski in anthropology, of Marx in economy and policy, Morgan) writes ' Psychology of masses of fascismó (on the 1930-1933 experience) is expelled from the communist party (being in exile at those moments in Denmark) to consider to that book like contrarrevolucionar io. There nonsingle it exposed the processes by which the subject is born and is educated in an authoritarian family, the symbols that do to the Earth call, the mother country, the nation, the subject of racism, but also a critic to the German communist party, that came to have several defeats in China, under the égida one of the stanilismo, that had silenced all opposition in the USSR.
Germany in that period I get to have 6 million of affiliated with the communist party, thousands had to leave to exile, but the masses went away happening to nazism. Why? That phenomenon of masses explained Reich under a new optics between psychoanalysis and marxism, that it initiated calling sexual economy. Soon the International will be expelled from the Psychoanalytic Association, in a coarse maneuver made in Lucerna with the consent of the daughter of Freud, Jones and Federn (5). A time in Malmo (Sweden) and Norway with other exiliados lived. It continued working in his investigations, in courses and seminaries, for psychoanalysts, social doctors, teachers gardeners, workers, began to develop his theories on biophysics, bioelectricidad, radiation: the continuation of the first energy (orgasmo) to the vital energy (6).
There is no a work (until today) that can join all the loose writings that exist on Sexpol. Something therefore has taken control of "Children of the Future" (appeared in the U.S.A.) where are all the articles referred to childhood subjects and adolescence as much in Europe as in the 18 years that lived in the U.S.A.. There it had founded, within other activities of investigation, the infantile orgonómica Research center. Nonsingle lack to translate almost all the work of that period to the Spanish, but also the magazine that it published in Norway: ' Zeitschrift fur politsche psychologie und sexualokonomié where it appears the evolution of his work in Scandinavia.
For those who have read "the function of orgasmo" (7) will observe the ways that took their investigations and discoveries, from the analysis of the character, the theory of orgasmo (with the load formula tension-distensio' n-relaxation) , but does not leave their central nucleus that is the energy. Sexpol was the first study of the energy of the masses. Of the changes that can make in the measurement which they are not anestesiadas, silenced or pressed, while they can be rebelled.
Notes:
1. "Reich speaks of freud" appears in 1967, ten years after its death in a North American jail. They are three interviews, more letters than they allow to clarify that it had happened in the different periods. They thought with those recorded interviews to defame it, but as document allowed to clarify that it happened in the first times that were with Freud and as the psychoanalytic movement like organization evolved.
2. Such psychoanalysts whom the Reich young person faced in Vienna, were such that they defamed it in New York (after World War II) when they also had to leave to exile in 1938. They were located in institutes, Universities, hospitals and they were in charge to tell that Reich was crazy. For the psychoanalysts he begins to be crazy since they expel it in Lucerna (Swiss). For the Communists he became crazy when he left the party.
3. "History of the Sexpol" appears in a book that reunites writings of the Marxist period of Reich: ' dialectic Materialism and psicoanálisis' , ' Two types of conscience of clasé, more critics than do doctors of the party, and critics to him that Reich does to him to Erich Fromm. She is one of the few translations that there are of the magazine that it published in Scandinavia: ' Written of political psychology and economy sexual'.
4. "People in trouble" appeared in an edition limited like ' the men and the Estadó, tells that it happened in these so convulsionados times of Germany, its expulsion of the communist party and the Psicoanálitica Association the International. The showy thing that those group, organizacionales processes, of the institutions, are repeated in all the movements. In Argentina at level Psicoanálitica Association we have what happened to the group ' Plataformá after the events of the ' Cordobazó in 1969.
5. In Lucerna (Swiss) in 1934, it presents/displays one of the present works of the psychosomatic "vegetative psychic and current Contact". They do not relate that Reich had to leave from Berlin to Copenhagen, by the ascent of the nazism and that requested the support of intellectuals of that time not to be expelled from Denmark (between which it signed was Einstein; Freud refused). The defamation initiated Otto Fenichel, and they continue it repeating. Recently in New York the children and the grandsons of the psychoanalysts who arrived from Vienna by the decade of the 30, continue spreading the myth of the crazy Reich. They did not deepen in his work and the circumstances of the period of militant commitment of Reich Until 1934 he had been 14 years in the psicoanáliticas institutions since he was accepted by Freud, when still she was medicine student in Vienna.
6. Between 1934 and 1939 being more time in Oslo (Norway), he is when he happens to investigate the subject of the radiation that soon will call Orgón.
7. "the function of orgasmo" version of 1942 published already living in the U.S.A.. In the decade of the 50 it is published for the first time in Spanish in Buenos Aires.
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